Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an arbovirus belonging to the Ntaya virus group within the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, which was first isolated in 1955 from Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes collected in Malaysia. In April 2010, a severe outbreak of duck TMUV (DTMUV) infection occurred in the main duck-producing regions of China . It caused a substantial drop in egg production and severe neurological disorders in duck population, giving rise to massive economic losses in the duck industry。
Duck TMUV has become one of the most deleterious infectious agents, causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. Like many other flaviviruses, DTMUV RNA structures produced during viral replication can be detected by RLRs and TLRs, leading to the production of type I IFN and a wide range of ISGs; however, DTMUV have developed several ways to subvert the host innate immune response, thus enabling viral replication in a more effective manner.
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