Antibacterial effect of amprimycin combined with amoxicillin

Ampramycin for veterinary use belongs to aminoglycoside antimicrobials, as well as macromycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and neomycin. At present, amprimycin sulfate soluble powder with various content specifications is used more and more widely in veterinary treatment.
Its qualified properties are: white or white crystalline powder, which is the raw material obtained by biological fermentation and semi-synthesis; It is easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is acidic. Its stability in drinking water is very good, and the nephrotoxicity of injection is strong, which is also the reason why it is rarely injected in veterinary clinic of livestock and poultry, and is often given orally in large quantities.

Normally, the intact gastrointestinal tract absorbs very little (generally no more than 3%) of amprimycin sulfate when ingested by mouth.

However, if the gastrointestinal tract is ulcerated, the mucosa is shed, or there is inflammation, the gastrointestinal tract has a considerable amount of amprimycin sulfate absorption. The ampramycin sulfate entering the body can be distributed to the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs and some tissues, but the dose of single drug absorbed into the body by oral administration is far from the effective therapeutic dose.

Therefore, unless the application has a special formulation technology to greatly improve the bioavailability of a single drug, or because the product treatment embodies the support of a holistic prescription technology (such as the United States of the United States of Zoetum's new fertilizer (neomycin sulfate soluble powder).

The soluble powder of amprimycin sulfate produced by most domestic veterinary drug manufacturers is a common preparation product without any efficacy enhancement technology, and only has an effective therapeutic effect on the intestinal tract in the clinical manifestations of veterinary treatment.

The antibacterial effect of amprimycin sulfate is that it first enters the cell of the bacteria, and then it can be combined with the ribosome 30S subunit, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial proteins and achieving bactericidal effect.

The antibacterial effect of amoxicillin is to play a rapid bactericidal effect by irreversibly destroying the bacterial cell wall.

It can be seen that ampramycin sulfate and amoxicillin sulfate are combined into a veterinary prescription, and amoxicillin is ampramycin sulfate: it opens the portal to enter the bacterial cell freely, and this synergistic effect can significantly enhance the antibacterial efficacy of ampramycin sulfate and amoxicillin.

The ampramycin sulfate that is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and enters the body can be rapidly distributed to tissues and organs throughout the body.
Among them, the highest concentration of ampramycin was distributed in chicken heart, liver and kidney, and the ampramycin entering the lesion was mainly concentrated in nucleated cells (higher content in white blood cells).

Within 24h, about 12% ~ 25% of ampramycin sulfate is excreted by the kidney. About 50% to 90% are excreted by bile, so the amount of medicine in the gastrointestinal tract is relatively high, and the effect on the intestine is better. Because ampramycin sulfate absorbed into the body is released slowly from the storage tissue, the plasma elimination half-life of Ampramycin sulfate is longer, about 36h.

Amoxicillin This penicillin-class drug, for biological fermentation semi-synthetic drugs, in the pharmaceutical classification belongs to oral penicillin-class antibiotics. In the field of penicillin antibiotics, most of them need to be injected to be effective, and there are few effective drugs that can be used orally.

Amoxicillin is relatively stable under acidic and weakly alkaline conditions, and its oral bioavailability can reach 90%. Its effect on sensitive bacteria is mainly to kill (many antibiotics only inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction), and the length of effective contact with pathogenic bacteria has a great impact on its effect in veterinary clinical treatment.

And amoxicillin oral absorption is better. Such a large number of amoxicillin into the body, and has entered the body, a large number of ampramycin sulfate to play a synergistic antibacterial effect, this synergistic antibacterial ampramycin sulfate effective therapeutic dose, only need amoxicillin than ampramycin sulfate 5:1 amount is enough.

In this way, the effective amoxicillin absorbed orally into the body ensures that it is not less than 20mg/ kg of body weight, and only 4mg/ kg of ampramycin sulfate is required, which has made the ratio prescription of "ampramycin sulfate + amoxicillin" very effective.

Therefore, in the treatment of livestock and poultry for a variety of bacterial infectious diseases, the combination of technical ampramycin sulfate products (mainly absorption or overall prescription effect) and amoxicillin products can significantly enhance the antibacterial and therapeutic effects of ampramycin sulfate and amoxicillin monotherapy.

In addition, the combination of different drugs also has a double antibacterial mechanism and resistance to drugs, thereby reducing the rise of the resistance rate of pathogenic microorganisms in the field. Long-term statistics show that this has a significant effect on reducing the use of antibiotics. Therefore, we respond to the national call to "reduce resistance", not mechanical reduction, but by improving the use of technology to reduce unnecessary "increase", "double" and "repeated" use.