The combined use, incompatibility and clinical medication methods of several common veterinary drugs

Currently, there are many types of veterinary drugs on the market. At the same time, the misuse of some veterinary drugs has caused bacteria to become resistant to some drugs. In view of the situation where a single drug is not effective in treating certain diseases, we are now combining several common drugs. Medications, incompatibility and clinical medication methods are listed below. I hope it can be a reference for everyone.

Penicillin

1. 1. Antibacterial drugs with strong bacteriostatic effects such as tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, and macrolides reduce the bactericidal effect of penicillins;
2. 2. Regular use of erythromycin reduces the effect of penicillin, while using large doses increases the antibacterial effect of penicillin on streptococci and penicillin-resistant staphylococci;
3. 3. When sulfonamide is used in combination with penicillin on a regular basis, both will lose efficacy. When used in large doses, sulfonamide displaces penicillin bound to hemoglobin, increasing the antibacterial properties of penicillin. The combined use also increases the penetration of penicillin into the uninflamed blood-brain-joint barrier;
4. 4. Mixed injection of penicillin G with oxytetracycline, tetracycline, genta, cara, VC, and atropine will reduce the effectiveness;
5. 5. Aspirin and aminopyrine can displace protein-bound penicillin, increase blood concentration, and enhance its antibacterial effect.

Streptomycin

1. 1. Can be used in combination with sulfonamides, tetracyclines, florfenicol, macrolides, and lincosamides;
2. 2. Oral administration is mainly used for intestinal diseases such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. When injected, the therapeutic range is increased, but it is still mainly against Gram-negative bacteria;
3. 3. Used together with other aminoglycosides or applied continuously locally or systemically, it may increase the toxic effects on the ears, kidneys and neuromuscular junctions, causing hearing loss, reduced kidney function, skeletal muscle weakness, respiratory depression, etc. The latter Anticholinesterase drugs (neostigmine), calcium, etc. can be used for rescue;
4. 4. Combined use with polymyxins and sequential local or systemic application may increase the toxic effects on the kidneys and neuromuscular junctions;
5. 5. Other nephrotoxic drugs and ototoxic drugs should not be used together with this product or applied sequentially to avoid aggravating nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity.

Gentamicin

1. 1. Antagonism may occur when used in combination with tetracycline, erythromycin, etc.;
2. 2. Mixing with penicillin may cause precipitation and reduce the efficacy, but point injection with penicillin has special effects on leg pain caused by streptococci;
3. 3. Combination with cephalosporins, iron dextran, powerful diuretics (such as furosemide, etc.), erythromycin, etc. can enhance the ototoxicity of this class of drugs;
4. 4. Skeletal muscle relaxants (such as succinylcholine oxide, etc.) or drugs with such effects can enhance the neuromuscular blocking effect of this type of drugs.

Streptomycin

1. 1. It has a synergistic effect on Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus when combined with gentamicin. Oral administration is mainly used for intestinal diseases such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The therapeutic range is increased when injected, but it is still not suitable to be used with The use of antiperistaltic and antidiarrheal drugs together can delay the excretion of intestinal toxins, thereby prolonging and aggravating diarrhea. It is also not suitable to be taken orally at the same time as antidiarrheal drugs containing kaolin, as the latter will reduce the absorption of lincomycin by more than 90%;
2. 2. Combined with spectinomycin, it increases the antibacterial spectrum. It has a synergistic effect when combined with trimethoprim (TMP). It increases the therapeutic range of injection when combined with amikacin. It has a synergistic effect when combined with metronidazole. ;
3. 3. It is not advisable to use macrolides, chloramphenicol, penicillins, cephalosporins, and VC in combination, as they will cause redox reactions;
4. 4. Lincomycin has antagonistic effects when combined with chloramphenicol or erythromycin, and is incompatible with kanamycin and novobiocin for intravenous injection in the same bottle.

Kanamycin

1. 1. It has a synergistic effect when combined with penicillin or cephalosporins;
2. 2. The antibacterial effect of this product is enhanced in an alkaline environment. Combination with alkaline drugs (such as aminophylline, sodium bicarbonate, etc.) can enhance the antibacterial effect, but the toxicity will also increase accordingly. When the pH exceeds 8.4, the antibacterial effect will weaken. . Calcium, magnesium, sodium, amine, potassium and other cations can inhibit the antibacterial activity of this product;
3. 3. Combination with cephalosporins, iron dextran, powerful diuretics (such as furosemide, etc.), erythromycin, etc. can enhance the ototoxicity of this class of drugs;
4. 4. Skeletal muscle relaxants (such as succinylcholine oxide, etc.) or drugs with such effects can enhance the neuromuscular blocking effect of this type of drugs.