Veterinary medicine knowledge | the use of flufenicol skills and misunderstandings

Flufenicol is a broad-spectrum, minimally toxic, animal-specific, and highly sensitive aminoalcohol antibiotic. Although it is widely used in pig breeding, it still has precautions for use and clinical priority indications, which are explained as follows:

Many farmers depend on the use of flufenicol, may have a preliminary understanding of the antimicrobial spectrum of flufenicol is relatively wide, whether it is big pigs or piglets, are blindly used, but if not targeted use, or can not treat the focus, resulting in high treatment costs, poor treatment effect:

1, antibacterial strength:
Flufenicol is a fast-acting, bacteriostatic antibiotic, and its antibacterial strength is slightly lower than that of penicillins or enoxacin bactericidal antibiotics.

2. Immunosuppression:
Flufenicol has immunosuppression, piglets or pig herds during immunization, use, with certain immunosuppression side effects;

3. Double infection:
Flufenicol has a wide antibacterial spectrum, but the use of probiotics in piglets is easy to damage the intestinal probiotics of piglets, resulting in the imbalance of pig flora, leading to double infection, digestive disorders and vitamin deficiency.

4. Sow embryo toxicity:
The use of flufenicol in pregnant sows can cause fetal toxicity, resulting in fetal hypoplasia or abortion death in sows.

5, the absorption rate of flufenicol is high, but it is not recommended for intestinal infection in pigs:
Although flufenicol is effective against G bacteria such as E. coli, when used for intestinal infection, it is recommended to use neomycin, gentamicin or colistin sulfate with low absorption rate, which is more targeted, with higher intestinal drug concentration and less toxicity to pigs.

6, drug absorption characteristics:
The absorption rate of pigs is high (more than 90%), and the drug in the lungs of pigs (trachea, alveoli) can reach 90% of the blood drug concentration.

7. Preferred indication for flufenicol:
Although the antimicrobial spectrum of flufenicol is broad, such as actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parahaemophilus suis, Pasteurella, Streptococcus, mycoplasma, Escherichia coli, Treponema suis, Salmonella, and Laurisenia endogena proliferative ileitis, antimicrobial treatment still has the focus:

(1) Priority is given to flufenicol for the treatment of swine respiratory tract inflammation, such as infectious pleuropneumonia, swine pulmonary disease and mixed infection, followed by Haemophilus parasuis;

② For other diseases of pigs, it is still not recommended to use flufenicol when there are other more sensitive drugs, so as not to delay the disease of pigs:

Such as mycoplasma-tymycin, treponema-pullorin, Streptococci - Amoxicillin, Salmonella - Enrofloxacin, Nelussenia - Tyvantin;

8. Effective dose is not the only factor in evaluating efficacy:
For example, Merck's Neoforol (2% flufenicol premix), although the effective content is only 2%, but the use effect is second to kill the domestic 20% flufenicol preparation, the main reason is that the preparation, purity, excipients and absorption rate are different;

9, compatible use:
① In order to improve the antibacterial effect of flufenicol, it is recommended to combine with doxycycline or oxytetracycline, which has better effect on respiratory tract mixed infection;

② Combined with penicillins, lincomycin, quinolones such as enrofloxacin and macrolides can lead to decreased efficacy;